This study determines the actual causes of water shortage at Mushandike Irrigation Scheme in Zimbabwe. The water stress at the scheme has been largely attributed to climate change and the uncontrolled expansion of the land under irrigation. Results show that water shortages at the scheme are a result of over-abstraction from the dam beyond the firm yield, adoption of inefficient irrigation methods and high channel losses in the canal system and are not related to hydro-climatic conditions.

The aim of this study was to quantify the water requirements of young and mature unstressed apple orchards. We also assess the impact of climate variables on transpiration rates. For mature trees, ‘Cripps’ Pink’ trees tend to use less water than ‘Golden Delicious’. This is because they tend to have more open canopies due to management practices. Transpiration was linearly related to the solar radiation, while the relationship between transpiration and VPD was non-linear.

This paper presents an automated computer based system for determining water quality and pollution. The system results are presented in the form of a map showing the status of water at each and every point in the lake by the click of a button. A case study of Lakes Chivero and Manyame of Zimbabwe.

Soil erosion result in the deposition of sediments into rivers and reservoirs. The sediments affect the water quality resulting in the treatment of the water being expensive. The sediments that are carried into the reservoir reduces the capacity of the dam. The reduction of water quality in Chimhanda dam as well as the increase in the cost of treatment of the water pushed the author to do a research.