Methods for monitoring land subsidence and earth fissures in the  Western USA

Fergason, K. C.; Rucker, M. L.; Panda, B. B.

doi:10.5194/piahs-372-361-2015

Articles | Volume 372

https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-372-361-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-372-361-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 372

12 Nov 2015

| 12 Nov 2015

Methods for monitoring land subsidence and earth fissures in the Western USA

K. C. Fergason, M. L. Rucker, and B. B. Panda

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Total article views: 4,412 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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Views and downloads (calculated since 12 Nov 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2015	1	11	1	13
Dec 2015	2	10	0	12
Jan 2016	10	17	1	28
Feb 2016	3	6	0	9
Mar 2016	13	5	0	18
Apr 2016	7	7	0	14
May 2016	5	3	0	8
Jun 2016	2	2	0	4
Jul 2016	1	3	1	5
Aug 2016	1	1	1	3
Sep 2016	4	14	0	18
Oct 2016	5	23	1	29
Nov 2016	5	19	0	24
Dec 2016	2	11	1	14
Jan 2017	5	53	0	58
Feb 2017	21	0	21
Mar 2017	9	55	0	64
Apr 2017	10	50	0	60
May 2017	11	62	3	76
Jun 2017	5	41	0	46
Jul 2017	3	19	0	22
Aug 2017	3	13	0	16
Sep 2017	9	17	0	26
Oct 2017	3	17	0	20
Nov 2017	7	28	1	36
Dec 2017	4	15	0	19
Jan 2018	3	16	1	20
Feb 2018	16	38	5	59
Mar 2018	6	16	1	23
Apr 2018	4	13	0	17
May 2018	3	8	0	11
Jun 2018	6	22	2	30
Jul 2018	4	18	0	22
Aug 2018	7	24	2	33
Sep 2018	8	48	0	56
Oct 2018	10	64	0	74
Nov 2018	8	51	1	60
Dec 2018	7	36	0	43
Jan 2019	9	62	1	72
Feb 2019	10	42	1	53
Mar 2019	9	53	0	62
Apr 2019	10	49	0	59
May 2019	9	55	0	64
Jun 2019	14	46	0	60
Jul 2019	6	55	1	62
Aug 2019	10	58	0	68
Sep 2019	6	33	0	39
Oct 2019	12	28	1	41
Nov 2019	6	32	0	38
Dec 2019	5	33	2	40
Jan 2020	4	35	0	39
Feb 2020	12	29	1	42
Mar 2020	9	22	0	31
Apr 2020	9	20	1	30
May 2020	17	47	1	65
Jun 2020	38	20	1	59
Jul 2020	57	53	40	150
Aug 2020	7	9	3	19
Sep 2020	6	5	0	11
Oct 2020	7	15	0	22
Nov 2020	8	13	0	21
Dec 2020	7	15	0	22
Jan 2021	7	14	0	21
Feb 2021	6	11	0	17
Mar 2021	3	19	0	22
Apr 2021	8	8	0	16
May 2021	5	12	0	17
Jun 2021	9	18	0	27
Jul 2021	5	16	0	21
Aug 2021	7	6	0	13
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Oct 2021	8	15	0	23
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Jan 2022	9	13	0	22
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Mar 2022	11	14	0	25
Apr 2022	12	17	1	30
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Jun 2022	4	10	0	14
Jul 2022	9	6	1	16
Aug 2022	17	5	0	22
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Oct 2022	10	6	3	19
Nov 2022	16	10	4	30
Dec 2022	6	10	0	16
Jan 2023	10	14	0	24
Feb 2023	10	4	0	14
Mar 2023	9	9	0	18
Apr 2023	8	10	0	18
May 2023	12	10	0	22
Jun 2023	14	8	2	24
Jul 2023	17	17	1	35
Aug 2023	10	8	0	18
Sep 2023	10	15	1	26
Oct 2023	8	6	1	15
Nov 2023	5	1	0	6
Dec 2023	10	9	1	20
Jan 2024	14	10	1	25
Feb 2024	3	9	0	12
Mar 2024	16	10	2	28
Apr 2024	24	6	4	34
May 2024	29	13	2	44
Jun 2024	41	14	2	57
Jul 2024	30	11	2	43
Aug 2024	34	7	1	42
Sep 2024	41	8	1	50
Oct 2024	28	3	1	32
Nov 2024	43	17	4	64
Dec 2024	32	17	3	52
Jan 2025	27	11	3	41
Feb 2025	31	8	2	41
Mar 2025	36	22	1	59
Apr 2025	19	15	0	34
May 2025	54	15	2	71
Jun 2025	46	18	1	65
Jul 2025	39	19	0	58
Aug 2025	36	26	2	64
Sep 2025	114	17	1	132
Oct 2025	41	22	4	67
Nov 2025	29	19	2	50
Dec 2025	40	23	3	66
Jan 2026	55	20	4	79
Feb 2026	41	12	3	56
Mar 2026	16	4	0	20

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 12 Nov 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2015	1	11	1	13
Dec 2015	2	10	0	12
Jan 2016	10	17	1	28
Feb 2016	3	6	0	9
Mar 2016	13	5	0	18
Apr 2016	7	7	0	14
May 2016	5	3	0	8
Jun 2016	2	2	0	4
Jul 2016	1	3	1	5
Aug 2016	1	1	1	3
Sep 2016	4	14	0	18
Oct 2016	5	23	1	29
Nov 2016	5	19	0	24
Dec 2016	2	11	1	14
Jan 2017	5	53	0	58
Feb 2017	21	0	21
Mar 2017	9	55	0	64
Apr 2017	10	50	0	60
May 2017	11	62	3	76
Jun 2017	5	41	0	46
Jul 2017	3	19	0	22
Aug 2017	3	13	0	16
Sep 2017	9	17	0	26
Oct 2017	3	17	0	20
Nov 2017	7	28	1	36
Dec 2017	4	15	0	19
Jan 2018	3	16	1	20
Feb 2018	16	38	5	59
Mar 2018	6	16	1	23
Apr 2018	4	13	0	17
May 2018	3	8	0	11
Jun 2018	6	22	2	30
Jul 2018	4	18	0	22
Aug 2018	7	24	2	33
Sep 2018	8	48	0	56
Oct 2018	10	64	0	74
Nov 2018	8	51	1	60
Dec 2018	7	36	0	43
Jan 2019	9	62	1	72
Feb 2019	10	42	1	53
Mar 2019	9	53	0	62
Apr 2019	10	49	0	59
May 2019	9	55	0	64
Jun 2019	14	46	0	60
Jul 2019	6	55	1	62
Aug 2019	10	58	0	68
Sep 2019	6	33	0	39
Oct 2019	12	28	1	41
Nov 2019	6	32	0	38
Dec 2019	5	33	2	40
Jan 2020	4	35	0	39
Feb 2020	12	29	1	42
Mar 2020	9	22	0	31
Apr 2020	9	20	1	30
May 2020	17	47	1	65
Jun 2020	38	20	1	59
Jul 2020	57	53	40	150
Aug 2020	7	9	3	19
Sep 2020	6	5	0	11
Oct 2020	7	15	0	22
Nov 2020	8	13	0	21
Dec 2020	7	15	0	22
Jan 2021	7	14	0	21
Feb 2021	6	11	0	17
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Jan 2022	9	13	0	22
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Apr 2022	12	17	1	30
May 2022	11	5	0	16
Jun 2022	4	10	0	14
Jul 2022	9	6	1	16
Aug 2022	17	5	0	22
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Jan 2023	10	14	0	24
Feb 2023	10	4	0	14
Mar 2023	9	9	0	18
Apr 2023	8	10	0	18
May 2023	12	10	0	22
Jun 2023	14	8	2	24
Jul 2023	17	17	1	35
Aug 2023	10	8	0	18
Sep 2023	10	15	1	26
Oct 2023	8	6	1	15
Nov 2023	5	1	0	6
Dec 2023	10	9	1	20
Jan 2024	14	10	1	25
Feb 2024	3	9	0	12
Mar 2024	16	10	2	28
Apr 2024	24	6	4	34
May 2024	29	13	2	44
Jun 2024	41	14	2	57
Jul 2024	30	11	2	43
Aug 2024	34	7	1	42
Sep 2024	41	8	1	50
Oct 2024	28	3	1	32
Nov 2024	43	17	4	64
Dec 2024	32	17	3	52
Jan 2025	27	11	3	41
Feb 2025	31	8	2	41
Mar 2025	36	22	1	59
Apr 2025	19	15	0	34
May 2025	54	15	2	71
Jun 2025	46	18	1	65
Jul 2025	39	19	0	58
Aug 2025	36	26	2	64
Sep 2025	114	17	1	132
Oct 2025	41	22	4	67
Nov 2025	29	19	2	50
Dec 2025	40	23	3	66
Jan 2026	55	20	4	79
Feb 2026	41	12	3	56
Mar 2026	16	4	0	20

Latest update: 09 Mar 2026

Short summary

Monitoring systems capable of quantifying rates and distribution of land subsidence and detection of ground rupture for many types of infrastructure including dams, levees, channels, basins, roadways, and mining facilities are discussed. Methods implemented include optical leveling and GPS surveys, ground reconnaissance, photo-geological analysis, groundwater monitoring, tape-extensometers, InSAR, borehole tiltmeters, microseismic arrays, excavation of monitoring trenches, and TDR.